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Barbara Shinn-Cunningham - Acoustic features and individual differences affecting auditory attention
Keywords:
02/14 - 01:24am — Anonymous
Time:
Wed, Feb 22, 2012 - 10:30am - 12:00pm
Place:
44 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215, Room 203
Javascript is required to view this map.
Barbara Shinn-Cunningham
Director, Center for Computational Neuroscience and Neural Technology
Professor, Biomedical Engineering
Boston University
Abstract:
In real-world settings, the abilities to focus, maintain, and switch auditory attention are each critical for allowing us to communicate. However, we are still unraveling what acoustic features enable these feats of selective attention, let alone why some listeners are better than others in performing these feats. This talk will review results of a number of experiments in my lab looking at some of the dynamics of auditory attention, exploring some of the features important in focusing on and maintaining attention on a source in a sound mixture. Recent results that speak to why there may be large differences in individual ability will also be presented.
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Collective intelligence of world-leading neuroscientists
Upcoming:
-
11 hours 55 min from now:Liqun LuoLiqun Luo (Stanford University)
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/boston-neurotalks/message/7228 -
2 days 11 hours from now:Darin Dougherty - Neurotherapeutic Interventions in PsychiatryDarin Dougherty, MD, MSc
MGH
Abstract:
While the majority of patients with psychiatric illness respond to conventional treatments (e.g., psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy), a minority do not and are considered treatment-resistant. For these patients, neurotherapeutic interventions may be warranted. Neurotherapeutic interventions refer to surgical and/or device-related treatments and include electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), ablative limbic system surgery (e.g., anterior cingulotomy, limbic leukotomy), epidural cortical stimulation (EpCS), and deep brain stimulation (DBS). I will review our experience with each of these procedures at MGH and will include results from concurrent imaging studies regarding the pathophysiology of these illnesses, changes associated with these interventions, and the potential utility of using pretreatment neuroimaging to predict subsequent response. I will conclude with a review of possible future directions within the field of psychiatric neurotherapeutics including targeted delivery of neurotransmitters or neurotrophic growth factors and optogenetics. -
1 week 2 days from now:International Conference on Cognitive and Neural Systemshttp://cns.bu.edu/cns-meeting/conference.html
This interdisciplinary conference is attended each year by approximately 300 people from 30 countries around the world. As in previous years, the conference will focus on solutions to the questions:
HOW DOES THE BRAIN CONTROL BEHAVIOR?
HOW CAN TECHNOLOGY EMULATE BIOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE?
The conference is aimed at researchers and students of computational neuroscience, cognitive science, neural networks, neuromorphic engineering, and artificial intelligence. It includes invited lectures and contributed lectures and posters by experts on the biology and technology of how the brain and other intelligent systems adapt to a changing world. The conference is particularly interested in exploring how the brain and biologically-inspired algorithms and systems in engineering and technology can learn. Single-track oral and poster sessions enable all presented work to be highly visible. Three-hour poster sessions with no conflicting events will be held on two of the conference days. Posters will be up all day, and can also be viewed during breaks in the talk schedule.
CONFIRMED INVITED SPEAKERS
Martin Banks (University of California, Berkeley) - Combining depth information from disparity and blur
Helen Barbas (Boston University) [Plenary Speaker] - Prefrontal pathways and flexible behavior
Nathaniel Daw (New York University) - Reinforcement learning in humans: Beyond reinforcement
Paul Glimcher (New York University) - Cortical normalization and the neural mechanisms of decision-making
Stephen Grossberg (Boston University) [Plenary Speaker] - How can children (and robots) learn to follow gaze, share joint attention, imitate their teachers, and use tools during social interactions?
Lori Holt (Carnegie Mellon University) - Using speech to listen in on auditory processing
Margaret Livingstone (Harvard Medical School) - Functional modules: How do we get them and what good are they?
Zhong-Lin Lu (Ohio State University) - Functions and mechanisms of perceptual learning
Christopher Pack (McGill University) - Hierarchical processing of complex motion along the primate dorsal visual
pathway
Max Riesenhuber (Georgetown University) - Object recognition in cortex: From pipelines to flying crossbodies
Veit Stuphorn (Johns Hopkins University) - The role of the Supplementary Eye Field in value-based decision-making
Jeffrey Taube (Dartmouth College) - Learning and memory in the head direction cell circuit: How head direction
cells guide behavior
CELEST WORKSHOP ON "BUILDING AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS"
Gary Bradski (Willow Garage) - Perception tools and systems for autonomous robots
Stefano Fusi (Columbia University) - Constructing efficient neural representations for both biological and
neuromorphic artificial systems
Jeff Krichmar (University of California, Irvine) - Design principles for biologically inspired cognitive robotics
Greg Snider (Hewlett Packard Labs) - Robot brains from dynamic fields
Max Versace (Boston University) - Intelligent machines or bust -
1 week 3 days from now:International Conference on Cognitive and Neural Systemshttp://cns.bu.edu/cns-meeting/conference.html
This interdisciplinary conference is attended each year by approximately 300 people from 30 countries around the world. As in previous years, the conference will focus on solutions to the questions:
HOW DOES THE BRAIN CONTROL BEHAVIOR?
HOW CAN TECHNOLOGY EMULATE BIOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE?
The conference is aimed at researchers and students of computational neuroscience, cognitive science, neural networks, neuromorphic engineering, and artificial intelligence. It includes invited lectures and contributed lectures and posters by experts on the biology and technology of how the brain and other intelligent systems adapt to a changing world. The conference is particularly interested in exploring how the brain and biologically-inspired algorithms and systems in engineering and technology can learn. Single-track oral and poster sessions enable all presented work to be highly visible. Three-hour poster sessions with no conflicting events will be held on two of the conference days. Posters will be up all day, and can also be viewed during breaks in the talk schedule.
CONFIRMED INVITED SPEAKERS
Martin Banks (University of California, Berkeley) - Combining depth information from disparity and blur
Helen Barbas (Boston University) [Plenary Speaker] - Prefrontal pathways and flexible behavior
Nathaniel Daw (New York University) - Reinforcement learning in humans: Beyond reinforcement
Paul Glimcher (New York University) - Cortical normalization and the neural mechanisms of decision-making
Stephen Grossberg (Boston University) [Plenary Speaker] - How can children (and robots) learn to follow gaze, share joint attention, imitate their teachers, and use tools during social interactions?
Lori Holt (Carnegie Mellon University) - Using speech to listen in on auditory processing
Margaret Livingstone (Harvard Medical School) - Functional modules: How do we get them and what good are they?
Zhong-Lin Lu (Ohio State University) - Functions and mechanisms of perceptual learning
Christopher Pack (McGill University) - Hierarchical processing of complex motion along the primate dorsal visual
pathway
Max Riesenhuber (Georgetown University) - Object recognition in cortex: From pipelines to flying crossbodies
Veit Stuphorn (Johns Hopkins University) - The role of the Supplementary Eye Field in value-based decision-making
Jeffrey Taube (Dartmouth College) - Learning and memory in the head direction cell circuit: How head direction
cells guide behavior
CELEST WORKSHOP ON "BUILDING AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS"
Gary Bradski (Willow Garage) - Perception tools and systems for autonomous robots
Stefano Fusi (Columbia University) - Constructing efficient neural representations for both biological and
neuromorphic artificial systems
Jeff Krichmar (University of California, Irvine) - Design principles for biologically inspired cognitive robotics
Greg Snider (Hewlett Packard Labs) - Robot brains from dynamic fields
Max Versace (Boston University) - Intelligent machines or bust -
1 week 4 days from now:International Conference on Cognitive and Neural Systemshttp://cns.bu.edu/cns-meeting/conference.html
This interdisciplinary conference is attended each year by approximately 300 people from 30 countries around the world. As in previous years, the conference will focus on solutions to the questions:
HOW DOES THE BRAIN CONTROL BEHAVIOR?
HOW CAN TECHNOLOGY EMULATE BIOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE?
The conference is aimed at researchers and students of computational neuroscience, cognitive science, neural networks, neuromorphic engineering, and artificial intelligence. It includes invited lectures and contributed lectures and posters by experts on the biology and technology of how the brain and other intelligent systems adapt to a changing world. The conference is particularly interested in exploring how the brain and biologically-inspired algorithms and systems in engineering and technology can learn. Single-track oral and poster sessions enable all presented work to be highly visible. Three-hour poster sessions with no conflicting events will be held on two of the conference days. Posters will be up all day, and can also be viewed during breaks in the talk schedule.
CONFIRMED INVITED SPEAKERS
Martin Banks (University of California, Berkeley) - Combining depth information from disparity and blur
Helen Barbas (Boston University) [Plenary Speaker] - Prefrontal pathways and flexible behavior
Nathaniel Daw (New York University) - Reinforcement learning in humans: Beyond reinforcement
Paul Glimcher (New York University) - Cortical normalization and the neural mechanisms of decision-making
Stephen Grossberg (Boston University) [Plenary Speaker] - How can children (and robots) learn to follow gaze, share joint attention, imitate their teachers, and use tools during social interactions?
Lori Holt (Carnegie Mellon University) - Using speech to listen in on auditory processing
Margaret Livingstone (Harvard Medical School) - Functional modules: How do we get them and what good are they?
Zhong-Lin Lu (Ohio State University) - Functions and mechanisms of perceptual learning
Christopher Pack (McGill University) - Hierarchical processing of complex motion along the primate dorsal visual
pathway
Max Riesenhuber (Georgetown University) - Object recognition in cortex: From pipelines to flying crossbodies
Veit Stuphorn (Johns Hopkins University) - The role of the Supplementary Eye Field in value-based decision-making
Jeffrey Taube (Dartmouth College) - Learning and memory in the head direction cell circuit: How head direction
cells guide behavior
CELEST WORKSHOP ON "BUILDING AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS"
Gary Bradski (Willow Garage) - Perception tools and systems for autonomous robots
Stefano Fusi (Columbia University) - Constructing efficient neural representations for both biological and
neuromorphic artificial systems
Jeff Krichmar (University of California, Irvine) - Design principles for biologically inspired cognitive robotics
Greg Snider (Hewlett Packard Labs) - Robot brains from dynamic fields
Max Versace (Boston University) - Intelligent machines or bust -
2 weeks 11 hours from now:Bliss-Moreau, Lindquist, Somerville, & Zaki: Emerging Perspectives in Affective ScienceA Northeastern University Affective Science Institute symposium, featuring talks by four young investigators followed by a poster session and reception.
http://www.northeastern.edu/asi/emerging-prospectives-symposium/
Eliza Bliss-Moreau, California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis
Comparative Affective Science: What can we learn from nonhuman primates?
- This talk will explore the utility and promise of studying affect in nonhuman primates (Rhesus macaques; Macaca mulatta). I will first discuss how two translational metrics can be used to explore individual differences in affective processing in both humans and nonhuman animals. I will then present data from two studies demonstrating that measures of cardiac physiology and behavioral reactivity can be used to assess macaque affective states. Finally, I will address the unique contributions of animal models to the study of affect by presenting data documenting individual differences in macaque affect following experimentally induced changes in brain structure. Together, these findings suggest that animal models of affect can help answer questions about the evolution and fundamental properties of the mind that would be untenable if studying only humans.
Kristen A. Lindquist, Harvard University Mind/Brain/Behavior Initiative
Emotions emerge from core affect and conceptualization
- Emotions form the fabric of memories, social interactions, and culture. They affect our health, our ability to make decisions, and can make our break relationships with others. Together, the existing evidence suggests that emotions are important mental events—but amongst great agreement about the importance of emotions exists much disagreement about what they actually are. In this talk, I will weigh in on this question by presenting evidence that emotions are mental states that emerge from the combination of more basic psychological parts that are not specific to emotion. I will present behavioral, psychophysiological, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging evidence demonstrating that emotion experiences and perceptions emerge in consciousness when people use representations of prior experiences to make meaning of body states in a given instance. I close by discussing how such a constructionist model of emotion changes how scientists might think of the mind more generally.
Leah Somerville, Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University
- Interactions between emotional processes across timescales: The case of fear and anxiety
Psychological accounts have long recognized the diversity of emotional experience in terms of intensity, timescale, and cognitive consequences However, our understanding of the brain circuitries that support these processes is limited by the type of emotion assayed in the laboratory – which is typically a brief response to a valenced cue. In my talk, I will present approaches my colleagues and I have taken to target anxiety-relevant emotional processes across a broader range of timescales. I will present data demonstrating that anxiety maintenance draws on distinct neural circuitries relative to the detection of anxiety-relevant emotional cues. Further, these circuitries interact across timescales, providing insight into how emotional states can up- or down-regulate moment to moment emotional processes. Finally, I will feature ongoing research considering linkages between neurodevelopmental properties of these circuitries and the staggered emergence of key symptoms of anxiety disorders during the first two decades of life.
Jamil Zaki, Department of Psychology, Stanford University
- A sensory integration approach to emotion perception
For as long as scientists have studied how people understand others’ minds, they have thought this task must be something like perceiving the physical world. Here I focus on extending this classic simile in a new direction: towards the study of “multi-modal” emotion perception. When encountering complex social cues—as they almost always do—perceivers use multiple processes for understanding others’ emotions. Like physical senses (e.g., vision or audition), emotion perception processes have often been studied as thought they operate in relative isolation. In the domain of physical perception, this assumption has broken down, following evidence that perception instead involves pervasive interactions between the senses. Recent data—including those from two studies I will present here—demonstrate that emotion perception processes similarly interact in ways that shape judgments about others’ affective states. These parallels suggest that researchers can leverage insights about physical perception to move towards a more complete understanding of emotion perception. Such a sensory integration approach further offers hints about Bayesian models that could formally describe how people understand each other’s internal states based on complex, multifaceted cues. -
2 weeks 2 days from now:Rudolf Jaenisch - iPS technology and disease researchPlease RSVP to lmavros@mit.edu
Rudolf Jaenisch, MD
Professor of Biology, MIT
Member, Whitehead Institute
Hosted by Mriganka Sur, Ph.D., FRS, Director, Simons Center for the Social Brain, MIT
http://web.mit.edu/scsb/ -
15 weeks 2 days from now:Janine LaSalleThe Simons Center for the Social Brain Colloquium Series
Please RSVP to lmavros@mit.edu
http://web.mit.edu/scsb/